The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) has said that a risk assessment done with the Federal Ministry of Health and partners has classified Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) as a moderate risk for Nigeria.
In a public advisory signed by its Director-General, Dr. Jide Idris, on Monday, the NCDC assured Nigerians that it is monitoring the situation closely and taking steps to protect public health.
The agency also clarified that the World Health Organisation (WHO) has not declared HMPV a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.
The NCDC stated, “On January 6, 2025, in partnership with the Federal Ministry of Health and organizations like WHO, the U.S. CDC, and the UK Health Security Agency, we conducted a risk assessment for HMPV. The results showed a moderate risk for Nigeria. This assessment will guide how we prepare and respond to manage any potential impact.”
HMPV is a virus that affects the respiratory system, causing symptoms ranging from mild colds to serious infections like pneumonia, especially in young children, older adults, and people with weak immune systems. There is no specific medicine or vaccine for HMPV, so treatment focuses on rest, drinking plenty of fluids, and managing fever.
Symptoms include cough, fever, blocked nose, difficulty breathing, wheezing, bronchitis, or pneumonia, especially in vulnerable groups like children, the elderly, or people with conditions like cancer or uncontrolled diabetes.
Proactive Measures at Entry Points
The NCDC noted that it is working with Port Health Authorities to strengthen preparedness at airports, seaports, and land borders to reduce the risk of HMPV spreading through international travel. The agency is analyzing the readiness of these entry points and has developed protocols approved by the Minister of Health to guide the response.
Quarantine centers are being identified and equipped to handle suspected or confirmed cases, while Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) materials are being sent to these points. Flyers and posters are being distributed to educate frontline workers and travelers.
Enhanced Testing and Monitoring
The NCDC shared that its National Influenza Sentinel Surveillance program, which monitors flu-like illnesses and Severe Acute Respiratory Infections, will now include testing for HMPV. Laboratories in states with international airports will also receive support to test for the virus.
Hospital Preparedness
Hospitals across the country have been advised to improve IPC practices, such as proper handwashing, environmental cleaning, and respiratory hygiene. They have also been asked to prepare isolation rooms to quickly handle suspected cases.
The NCDC is working with state governments to train healthcare workers on how to manage HMPV cases. Treatment centers and isolation facilities are being activated in states to handle potential cases. Stockpiles of personal protective equipment (PPE), lab reagents, and other necessary supplies are ready for deployment if needed.
Public Awareness
The agency is actively sharing information to address public concerns, counter false information, and promote healthy practices. It is working closely with health educators, the media, and other trusted voices to spread accurate messages.
The NCDC’s actions show its commitment to protecting Nigerians and staying ahead in its public health response.